TRAINERA

The full index of our ship stamp archive
Post Reply
aukepalmhof
Posts: 7771
Joined: Thu Apr 02, 2009 1:28 am

TRAINERA

Post by aukepalmhof » Sun Jun 28, 2020 9:19 pm

The boat in the centre of the stamp is a “trainera” now only used for regattas.

The Spanish post gives by this issues of 2019 the following:

About 12 Months, 12 Stamps - Cantabria
In Cantabria they bid farewell to September with the ‘Día de Campoo’ (Festival of National Tourism Interest) on which ‘Reinosa’ is at the centre of folklore and regional traditions. This ushers in October, the month dedicated to Cantabria in the 12 MONTHS 12 STAMPS series. The province of Cantabria is rich in archaeological sites of the Upper Palaeolithic, although the first signs of human settlement date back to the Lower Palaeolithic. The Altamira Cave paintings, dating back to 37000 B C, stand out in this respect. Along with nine other Cantabrian caves. The Picos de Europa mountains appear in the background of the stamp, a mountain range consisting of three perfectly defined massifs: the western or ‘Cornión’, the central or ‘Urrieles’, and the eastern or ‘Ándara’. The Naranjo de Bulnes or Picu Urriellu (2519 m), the Peña Vieja (2613 m), the Llambrión (2642 m), and the Torre Cerrado with its 2,646 meters is the highest summit of the Picos de Europa all rise from the central massif. 'La Virgen de la Bien Aparecida' is the patron saint of Cantabria. Her festival is held on 15 September and she can be found in a sanctuary in Hoz de Marrón (Ampuero). The image of the ‘Virgen Bien Aparecida’ is small (21.6 cm including the pedestal), possibly the smallest across Spain. It is no older than the fifteenth century and is still intact, covered with elaborately beautiful vestments. There are currently four versions of the Cantabrian bowling game 'Bolos'. Of the four, 'Bolo Palma' is the most well-known. The four versions are grouped into two families: 'Derribo', meaning ‘demolition’ (the object of the game is to knock over the most pins); 'Bolo Palma' and 'Bolo Pasiego' fall into this category. 'Pasabolos', meaning ‘pass the pins’ (the objective is to throw the balls as far as possible past the lines to gain the most points); 'Pasabolo Tablón' and 'Pasabolo Losa' fall into this category. 'Anchoas en salazón' (salted anchovies) date back to the Roman Empire (evolving from garum) and are documented as having been produced in Spain since the year 1250 when Alfonso XI granted the town of Laredo in Cantabria permission to make 'salazones' for the rest of Castile. It wasn’t until 1880, when the Italian fishing fleet set up a 'salazón' factory in Santoña, that the area became one of the largest producers in Europe. In making this product the anchovies (Engraulis encrasicholus) undergo a preparation process[ ] whereby after having been cleaned, filleted, salted and soaked in vegetable oil (olive oil), they are put into tins, glass jars, or wooden barrels.[] The Santa María de Lebeña Church is found in the beautiful region of Liébana, Cantabria, some nine kilometres from the capital, Potes, at the entry of Desfiladero de la Hermida, surrounded by immense white mountains that contrast the greenery around the monument. This church is a paradigm of the Mozarabic or ‘repopulation’ style demonstrating the three defining influences of the style: Asturian, Visigothic and Muslim. A detail of a copper alquitar still used for the distillation of 'orujo'. The Lebaniegos made 'orujo' in their homes for centuries, a tradition that has led to one of the most important industries in the Liébana region. Liébana currently produces different varieties of 'orujo' (a clear spirit). The most common variety is called 'Blanco', which comes directly from the alquitar; the other varieties are produced by mixing the 'aguardiente' with sloe, morello cherry, mountain ironwort (Sideritis hyssopifolia) or honey. 'Sobao pasiego', a protected area whose centre of production is located in the region of Pas, next to the region delineated by the rivers Pas and Pisueña. This is a sweet made from a mixture of wheat, butter, sugar and egg. It is served in squares, in cupcake paper (traditionally called a gorro or ‘hat’) folded to create the characteristic wings. A 'trainera' is, originally, a Cantabrian coastal boat propelled using oars and sometimes a sail. These boats were traditionally used for fishing but have now been modified, making them lighter for use in competitive fixed-seat rowing regattas with strict rules concerning weight, dimensions, etc. The standard measurements are 12 m in length, a 95 cm bow, a 75 cm stern, a hold depth of 60.5 cm and a minimum beam length of 1.72 m. Today, a “trainera” crew consists of 13 oarsmen and one cox. The photograph that appears on the stamp is the work of artist Ángel Obregón. The 'Barros Stele', one of the Cantabrian Stelae, is a gigantic stone disc from the 4th century BC found in Barros (a region of the Los Corrales de Buelna municipality in Cantabria), which was declared a place of cultural interest in 1985 It is 1.66 m in diameter and 0.40 m thick, and rests on a base measuring 1 m in height and 0.80 m in width, an impressive size for a work of this type. It is made from natural sandstone. Today it is located in the Barros 'Parque de las estelas' (‘Stelae Park’), which opened in 2001. The red stripe along the bottom represents the red of the Cantabrian flag.

https://www.wopa-plus.com/en/stamps/product/&pgid=57911

“trainera” is a traditional boat of the Cantabrian sea coast at the southern end of the Bay of Biscay, propelled by oars, and formerly sailing. It is a boat of fine lines with raised prow and rounded stern, to resist the waves of the Cantabrian Sea. Traineras were originally used by fishermen to bring in the day’s catch of anchovies and sardines from sea to market, usually competing to sell their caught fish before others came in. Today, this historical tradition has become a major sport of coastal boat racing.

Other languages and etymology
The name trainera (Spanish), traineru (also treineru, treñero or triñero in Basque), traînière (French) and traiñeira or traíña (Galician) is derived from the word traína, a closely woven net used in the fishing of sardines and anchovies,[3][4] itself derived from Latin tragināre, from trahĕre "to pull, drag".

Distribution
The historic trainera regattas, estropadak in Basque, are a popular sport held all along the Bay of Biscay, all the way through the coast of Basque Country, Cantabria, Asturias and Galicia between July and October. Numerous competitions are held each year such as the oldest regatta Bandera de Santander or the most famous Kontxako Bandera, and there are various trainera leagues such as the premier league Liga San Miguel or the second divisions Liga Asociación de Remo del Cantábrico and Liga Galega de Traiñeiras.

Boats and rules
Today the boats are manned by a crew of 13 oarsmen sitting in pairs (except for the thirteenth, who sits alone in the bows) and a cox standing up facing them in the stern. The bowman or bow-woman also has a 15th oar which is used for helping with the steering in tight turns. As is common in other such events, the cox is responsible for steering the boat and keeping up the morale of the team. Each boat flies a particular flag and wears a team strip and often the boat is painted in the team's colors as well.
Traditional materials were entirely cedar and beech wood, with the construction process taking at least a month or month and a half. The boats themselves are 12m long, 1.72m wide (at midship), 95 cm. bow, 75 cm. stern and 60.5 cm. in depth. The total weight of the boat including baton, bench, and hitters have to be 210–230 kg but may not weigh less than 200 kg (excluding oars and equipment). Nowadays, traineras are made of carbon fiber and kevlar with techniques similar to those in aeronautical construction (such as for Airbus wings. Boats are fitted amongst other things with GPS systems, creating better boats but also pushing up prices. The life of a boat at a top club is usually two or three years. In the 1970s a trainera cost around 45,000 pesetas; 2008 prices start at around €25,000.

A race normally covers a distance of 5.5 km with either a single trip to a buoy and back or two return trips. Each boat has its own lane and may not cross into another boat's lane and the oars (and boats) of different boats may not touch. A race is normally restarted if something irregular happens within the first 20 seconds of a race. Apart from the prize money for each race, the winning team is awarded a bandera (flag) of the town or autonomous community. The winning team traditionally holds all oars vertically into the air, the so-called remos arriba or arraunak gora, "oars up".

Women and traineras
Although most rowing teams were male, evidence from the historical bertsos tells us that female rowers existed, referred to as batelerak in Basque. The name derives from batel, a name for a smaller type of boat with 4 rowers and a cox. Evidence can also be seen in the traditional batelera dantza (batelera dance) which is performed by women with oars.
More recently, female teams have also begun to take plains in the trainera regattas proper.

History
The origins of the various kinds of trainera regatta lie in fishing and whaling, both highly important sources of income in earlier periods. Traditionally, the first boat back at the quay got the best price for their fish. As the boat and all equipment was usually owned by the skipper and the crew hired by oral contract, the skipper would first deduct the boat and net share (25%) from the earnings, then deduct any further expenses for bait and provisions. Only then would the remained be shared in equal parts so it was in everybody's interest to get back as fast as possible to get the best price possible.
Similarly, when whaling was at its height in along the Bay of Biscay teams would race to be the first to reach a sighted whale.
The boats used in the regattas were originally working fishing boats, the frame made from oak, and the hull from pine. There were three main categories:
The trainera which has and elevated prow and rounded stern, ideally suited for navigating the choppy waters off the coast at speed needed to catch anchovy and sardines. The crew consists of 13 rowers and one cox. The rowers are divided into two rows of six, plus the bow rower, who is alone on his bench.
The trainerilla (Spanish for 'little trainera') has a crew of 6 rowers and one cox, all sitting in a row.
The batel is a smaller boat used close to the coast for a variety of fish, with 4 rowers and a cox.
Since the year 1850, there was evidence of challenges in the Cantabrian village of Castro Urdiales between local crews and sometimes with the Biscayans who were manning the Coast Guard cutters.
The first documented regatta which was held as a sporting event was in 1859 in the Bay of Santander between the people of Castro Urdiales and some Biscayan crews. The Castro Urdiales team won the race and regattas have been held as sporting events ever since.
Much more important was the race held in Santander two years later, in 1861, in the presence of Queen Isabella II on an official visit to the capital of Cantabria. The Cantabrians beat back to the Biscayans and the local press echoed the news and even a famous folk song is known as the Jota del Regateo was composed. The Flag of Santander is still held today, making it the oldest rowing competition that is still celebrated in Spain.

The first documented estropada in Basque Country was twelve years later, in 1871, between the people of Hondarribia and Pasaia, involving a bet about who could reach San Sebastián first setting out from Hondarribia. The Pasaia team won the 13-mile race. Originally the teams would race from one particular seaside town to another but today most races are held locally.
In 1916 a man from Mutriku called Bizente Ormazabal built a new, sleek type of boat for a group from Getaria called Golondrina (Spanish for 'swallow'). At the same time motors were introduced to the fishing industry so the commercial use of rowing boats quickly disappeared and more and more were used for the estropadak. Over time the design changed, building more for speed than fishing, reducing the weight and the width.
As rowing turned from a profession into a sport, fewer and fewer fishermen competed and more and more teams were put together from non-seafaring backgrounds as they could train more regularly than fishermen.
The most famous of all trainera regattas today is the Kontxako Estropadak, Kontxako Bandera o Bandera de la Concha, Kontxako Badia / Bahía de la Concha being the name of the main bay of Donostia. It was first organized by the city's council in 1879 and is said to have drawn a crowd of some 12,000 spectators.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trainera
Spain 2019 A tarifa sg?, scott?
Attachments
trainera Estropadakfemale.jpg
2019 cantabria.jpg

Post Reply