Parry William Edward- polar explorer

[Anatol]

Sir William Edward Parry (Eng. William Edward Parry; December 19, 1790, Bath, Somerset, England - July 9, 1855, London, England) - English Rear Admiral and explorer of the Arctic , who, in 1827, organized one of the very first expeditions to the North Pole. Honorary member of the St. Petersburg Academy of Sciences (1826) .
Born in 1790, in the best era of the English Navy; he began his service early and made his first voyage under the command of Cornwall, on the ship Ville de Paris. Transferred to the frigate Alexandria, sent to Svalbard to protect fisheries, Parry took up hydrography, surveying the coast of Svalbard and mapping; here began his work on astronomy, which subsequently brought him honorable fame. In 1813, he sailed on the ship Sceptre to the shores of North America, participated in military operations on the Connecticut River against the partisan detachments of the Americans and the French, and at the same time continued his studies in nautical astronomy.
Upon returning to his homeland, Parry published his first work in this area: "Practical Rules for Night Observations of the Fixed Stars", intended to guide young officers in determining the place of a ship at sea. In 1818 he took part in the Arctic expedition of John Ross, and the following year he undertook an independent voyage on the whaling ship Hecla, with the aim of finding the Northwest Passage from the Atlantic to the Pacific Ocean. Returning from this voyage, Parry organized a new expedition in 1821, in which he stayed for 2 years, reaching 81 ° 44 'W. During this voyage, he made a detailed inventory of the shores of Baffin Strait, but again had to return without achieving his goal.
For the 3rd time, Parry undertook an Arctic expedition in 1824, having served before that for about a year in the Admiralty. Having penetrated much further to the west, he had to winter in the Prince Regent Strait, and he made an inventory and mapped the archipelago of islands named after him. Having been wrecked on the ship Furry, he returned to England in 1825 and immediately proposed to the Admiralty to organize a new expedition through Svalbard. Having received the necessary funds, he formed a detachment of rowboats equipped with skids for moving on ice, and in March 1827 he sailed from England on the ship Hecla, which delivered him to Svalbard. From here, the expedition set off on their sledges to the north and reached a latitude of 82 ° 45 'N.
This was Parry's last trip. Returning to England, he served as a hydrographer in the Admiralty for several more years, and in 1829 he left the fleet and became an agent in a private company for the colonization of Australia . After spending 5 years in New Holland, Parry returned to the service of the Admiralty and in 1837-1846 served as Controller of the Steamship Department of the Navy , ending his service as Superintendent of the Royal Naval Hospital. On June 4, 1852, he was promoted to the rank of Rear Admiral.
PMR 2019;[P].
Source: https://dic.academic.ru/dic.nsf/ruwiki/1449178